Digital Library References

Our Book Selections of the Month feature timely, curated texts that illuminate truth, deepen critical analysis, awaken memory, challenge erasure, and guide educational transformation toward liberation.

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Digital Library References

Selected Writings: Essential Works from the Digital Library

A Curated Collection of Influential Writings. including books and scholarly journals, are available at our Digital Library Archive.

I’m Professor Jamal Turner, and in this video, we’ll dive into Critical Race Theory and the racial taxonomy behind white supremacy. We’ll trace how these categories were fabricated in colonial pseudoscience and arm ourselves with the tools to dismantle them. Get ready to unravel the myths that have shaped our world.

Digital Library References

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          counter-narratives. Journal of Cultural Reclamation, 8(1), 78–98.

          https://doi.org/10.1177/0123456-2023

Ahmed, S., & Sharma, R. (2023). Impact of culturally responsive pedagogy on learning

          engagement and academic performance. https://eric.ed.gov/

Akhimie, P. (2019). Shakespeare and Race. Cambridge University Press.

Alexander, M. (2010). The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. The

           New Press. 

Ani, M. (1994). Yurugu: An African-Centered Critique of European Cultural Thought and

           Behavior. African World Press.

Aldridge, D.P. (2020). Teachers in the movement: Pedagogy, activism, and freedom.

           History of Education Quarterly, 60(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1017/heq.2020.6

Aldridge, D.P. (2015). The ideas and craft of the critical historian of education

           Critical approaches to the study of higher education: A practical [DM5] [JT6]

           introduction. Johns Hopkins University Press.

Allen, A., Hancock, S. D., Starker-Glass, T., & Lewis, C. W. (2017). Mapping culturally

           relevant pedagogy into teacher education programs: A critical framework. Teachers

           College Record, 119(1), 1-26. https://doi.org/10.1177/016146811711900107

Anya, U. (2021). Critical race pedagogy for a more effective and inclusive world language

           Teaching. Applied Linguistics, 42(6), 1055–1069.

           https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amab068.

Asante, M. K. (1988). Afrocentricity: The Theory of Social Change. Africa World Press.

Banks, J. A. (1998). Multiculturalism’s five dimensions. In M. Tucker (Ed.), Educating

          citizens in a multicultural society (22-95). Teachers College Press.

Bell, D. (1988). And we are not saved: The elusive quest for racial justice, Michigan

Law Review, 86(6), 1130–1135. https://doi.org/10.2307/1289158.

Bell, D. (1972). Brown v. Board of Education and the interest-convergence dilemma. Harvard

         Law Review, 93(3), 518-533.

Ben-Jochannan, Y. (1993). African Origins of Major Western Religions. Black Classic Press.

Bernal, M. (1987). Black Athena: The Afroasiatic Roots of Classical Civilization. Rutgers
           University Press.

Bernasconi, R. (2001). Kant and the Invention of Race. Hackett Publishing.

Boas, F. (1940). Race, Language, and Culture. Free Press.

Bonilla-Silva, E. (2001). Rethinking Racism: Toward a Structural Interpretation. Rowman &
           Littlefield

Bonilla-Silva, E. (2017). What we were, what we are, and what we should be: The racial

           problem of American sociology. Social Problems, 64(2), 179–187.

           https://www.jstor.org/stable/26370899

Brookings Institution. (2018). Educator Bias and Racial Disparities in Schools. Brookings Press.

Brown, K., & Itzigsohn, J. (2019). Du Bois and Double Consciousness. Princeton University

             Press.

Budge, E. A. W. (1932). The Queen of Sheba and Her Only Son Menyelek. Oxford University
             Press

Budge, E. A. W. (1932). Queens of Ancient Egypt. Dover Publications

Burke, J., Wu, T., & Risk, M. (2019). Structural racism in education: Impacts on student self-

          worth and achievement. Academic Press.

Bynum, E. B. (2012). The African Unconscious: Roots of ancient mysticism and modern

          psychology. Teacher College Press.

Cann, R. L., Stoneking, M., & Wilson, A. C. (1987). Mitochondrial DNA and Human Evolution.

          Nature.

Carey, P. W. (2018). Sin, repentance, and confession in nineteenth-century American Protestant

          polemics. Oxford University Press.

Chapman, T. K. & Bhopal, K. (2019). The perils of integration: Exploring the experiences of

          Black and Black Caribbean students in predominately white secondary

          schools, Ethnic and Racial Studies, 42(7), 1110-1129.

          DOI: 10.1080/01419870.2018.1478110

Chesnutt, C. (1899). The Conjure Woman. Houghton Mifflin.

Chesnutt, C. (1901). The Marrow of Tradition. Houghton Mifflin

Copur-Gencturk, Y., Thacker, I., & Cimpian, J. R. (2023). Teachers’ race and gender biases

          and the moderating effects of their beliefs and dispositions. International Journal of

          STEM Education, 10(31). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-023-00420-z

Coates, T.-N. (2014). The Case for Reparations. The Atlantic

Crenshaw, K. (2019). Seeing race Again: Countering colorblindness across the disciplines.

          University of California Press.

Crenshaw, K. W. (1988). Race, reform, and retrenchment: Transformation and legitimation

          an anti-discrimination law. Harvard Law Review, 101(7), 1331-1387.

Crenshaw, K. (1995). Critical Race Theory: The Key Writings That Formed the Movement. The

          New Press.

D’Andrea, M., & Daniels, J. (2020). Institutional racism and the need for critical dialogue

          in university settings. Education Policy Review, 35(1), 45-60.

DeCuir-Gunby, J. T., & Schutz, P. A. (2024). The evolution of race-focused and race-

          reimaged approaches in educational psychology: Future directions for the

          field. Educational Psychology Review, 36, Article

          30.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-024-09873-2

Delgado, R. (1989). Storytelling for oppositionists and others: A plea for narrative

          storytelling. Michigan Law Review, (8)7https://ssrn.com/abstract=1577362.

Delgado, R., & Stefancic, J. (2017). Critical race theory: An Introduction (3rd ed.). New York

          University Press.

.Diamond, J., & Gomez, A. (2020). The Socialization of White Supremacy in Education.

          Routledge.

Diamond, J. B., & Gomez, L. M. (2023). Disrupting white supremacy and anti-Black racism in

          educational organizations. Education Researcher, 0(0).

          https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X231161054

Diop, C. A. (1981). The African Origin of Civilization: Myth or Reality. Lawrence Hill

          Books.

Diop, C. A. (1987). Precolonial African Warfare. Chicago Review Press.

Diop, C. A. (1981). Civilization or Barbarism: Authentic Anthropology. Lawrence Hill

          Books.

Dixson, A. D., & Rousseau Anderson, C. (2018). Where are we? Critical race theory in

          education 20 years later. Peabody Journal of Education, 93(1), 121–131

          https://doi.org/10.1080/0161956X.2017.1403194.

Du Bois, W.E.B. (1903). The Souls of Black folk” by A. C. McClurg & Co., Chicago.

Du Bois, W. E. B. (1899). The Philadelphia Negro: A social study. University of Pennsylvania

          Press.

Duchesneau, F. (2023). Blumenbach on the varieties of the human species. Humankind and

          Humanity in the Philosophy of the Enlightenment209.

          https://api.pageplace.de/preview/DT0400.9781350142947_A47080903/preview-

          9781350142947_A47080903.pdf

Duzgun, E. (2022). Radicalising global IR: Modernity, capitalism, and the question of

          Eurocentrism. The Chinese Journal of International Politics, 15(3), 313–333.  

          https://doi.org/10.1093/cjip/poac012

Douglass, F. (1845). Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave. Anti-

          Slavery Office.

Evans, L., & Martinez, V. (2020). Racial constructs and their consequences: Unraveling the  

          social construction of race. Journal of Ethnic Studies, 38(2), 145–167.

          https://doi.org/10.1080/12345678.2020.1234567

Eze, E. C. (1997). Race and the Enlightenment: A Reader. Blackwell Publishing.

Eze, E. C. (1997). The Color of Reason: The Idea of Race in Kant’s Anthropology. University of

          Minnesota Press

Fanon, F. (1952). Black Skin, White Masks. Grove Press.

Freire, P. (1970). Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Bloomsbury Academic.

Escayg, K. A. (2019). “Who’s got the power?” A critical examination of the anti-bias

          curriculum. International Journal of Early Childhood Education Policy, 6(13), 1-15.

          https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-019-0062-9

Ford, D. Y. (2017). Culturally responsive classrooms: Addressing the

          achievement gap. Research Gate. EJ874024.pdf.

Gates Jr., H. L. (2014). Phillis Wheatley on Trial. Harvard University Press.

Gates, H. L. Jr. (1988). The Signifying Monkey: A Theory of African American Literary

          Criticism. Oxford University Press.

Gates, H. L. Jr. (1993). The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness. Harvard

          University Press.

Gates, H. L., Jr., & McKay, N. Y. (Eds.). (1996). The Norton anthology of African American

          literature. W. W. Norton & Company.

          Gates, H. L., Jr. (Ed.). (2025). The Norton anthology of African American literature (4th 

          ed.). W. W. Norton & Company.

García, J., & O’Donnell, J. (2022). Transformative ethnic studies in schools:

          Curriculum, pedagogy, and research. Teachers College Press

Garnet, H. H. (1843). An Address to the Slaves of the United States of America. National Negro

          Convention.

Gay, G. (2018). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, and practice (3rd

Ed.). Teachers College Press.

Gay, G. (2022). Using inquiry-based learning to create a culturally responsive

          classroom. ELT Weekly. http://eltweekly.com/2022/05/using-inquiry-based-

Geary, D. C., & Xu, K. M. (2022). Evolution of self-awareness and the cultural

          emergence of academic and non-academic self-concepts. Educational

          Psychology Review, 34(4) 2323-2349DOI: 10.1007/s10648-022-09669-2

Gildersleeve, R. E., Croom, N. N., & Vasquez, P. L. (2011). “Am I going crazy?!”: Critical

          race analysis of doctoral education. Equity & Excellence in Education, 44(1), 93

          https://doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2011.539472

Gildersleeve, R. E. (2022). Race and racism in higher education. About Campus, 27(4), 3-3.

          https://doi.org/10.1177/10864822221134355.

Givens, J. R. (2021). Fugitive pedagogy: Carter G. Woodson and the art of Black teaching.

          Harvard University Press. https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674259102.

Gomez, F. (2021). Tracing Our Shared Genetic Heritage: The Role of Mitochondrial Eve.

          Journal of Genetic Anthropology

Gómez, R. F., Bennett, E., & Cammarota, J. (2023). The battle for curriculum: Arrested

          semantics and reconciling racism with critical race theory and ethnic studies. Race

          Ethnicity and Education, 1–18.

          https://doi.org/10.1080/13613324.2023.2239726

Gomez, R., & White, S. (2021). Anti-racist pedagogy in higher education: A critical literature  

          review. Journal of Critical Education Studies, 29(4), 37–59.

          https://doi.org/10.1080/987654321.2021.987654

Gooding, W.R. (2020). W.E.B. Du Bois, The Stanford Encyclopedia of

          Philosophy. https://plato.stanford edu/archives/spr2020/entries/dubois.

Gordon, W. R., Smith, J. A., & Lee, K. T. (2021). Developing the curriculum: Improved

          outcomes through systems approach (9th ed.). The Pearson Educational

          Leadership Series.

Graves, J. L. Jr. (2014). The Emperor’s New Clothes: Biological Theories of Race. Rutgers

          University Press.

Groves, P. (2020). Critical race theory. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Educational

          https://oxfordre.com/education/view/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264093.001.

          0001/acrefore-9780190264093-e-1.

Grynaviski, J., & Munger, M. (2017). Reconstructing Racism: Transforming Racial Hierarchy

          from “Necessary Evil” into “Positive Good.” Social Philosophy and Policy

Gutiérrez, G., & Müller, G. L. (2015). On the side of the poor: The theology of liberation.

          Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Press.

Hammond, Z. (2023). Culturally responsive teaching and the brain: Promoting authentic

          engagement and rigor among culturally and linguistically diverse students. Corwin.

Harmon, D. A. (2012). Culturally responsive teaching through a historical lens: Will history

          repeat itself? Interdisciplinary Journal of Teaching and Learning, 2(1), 12–22.

          https://www.bing.com/search?q=harmon%2C+d.+a.+(2012).

Harper, S. R. (2023). Race without racism: How higher education researchers minimize racist

          institutional norms. Journal of Higher Education, 94(2), 123–145.

Harris, C. I. (1993). Whiteness as property. Harvard Law Review, 106(8), 1707-1791

Harrison, F. V. (1991). Decolonizing Anthropology. American Anthropological Association.

Hayvon, J. C. (2024). Action against inequalities: A synthesis of social justice & equity,

          diversity and inclusion frameworks. International Journal for Equity in Health, 23(1),

          DOI for the article is 10.1186/s12939-024-02141-3.

Heidegger, M. (1962). Being and Time (J. Macquarrie & E. Robinson, Trans.). Harper & Row.

Hilliard, A. G. (2001). The Reawakening of African Consciousness. Third World Press.

Hilliard, A. G. (2001). African Power Structures. Third World Press.

Holt, T. C. (2000). The Problem of Race in the 21st Century. Harvard University Press.

Horne, G. (2018). Bacon’s Rebellion and Race. Verso Books.

Horne, G. (2014). The Counter-Revolution of 1776: Slave Resistance and the Origins of the

          United States of America. New York University Press.

Hu, X., & Hancock, R. (2019). Racial Bias in American Schools. Harvard Education Press.

Huggins, N. I. (1971). Harlem Renaissance. Oxford University Press.

Hunter, T. (2023). Practicing culturally relevant pedagogy: A literature review of classroom

          implementation. Oxford University Press.

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Hunwick, J. O. (1999). Timbuktu and the Songhay Empire: Al-Sa’di’s Ta’rikh Al-Sudan Down to

          1613 and Other Contemporary Documents. Brill Academic Publishers.

Hurston, Z. N. (1935). Mules and Men. J.B. Lippincott.

Hurston, Z. N. (1937). Their Eyes Were Watching God. J.B. Lippincott.

Husserl, E. (1962). The crisis of European sciences and transcendental phenomenology.

          Northwestern University Press.

Jablonski, N. G. (2012). Living Color: The Biological and Social Meaning of Skin Color.

          University of California Press.

Jackson, J. G. (1970). Introduction to African Civilization. Citadel Press.

Jackson, G. L. (1970). Blood is My Eye. University Press

Jacobs, H. (1831). Incidents in the life of a slave girl. https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1103

James, G. G. M. (1954). Stolen Legacy: Greek Philosophy is Stolen Egyptian Philosophy.

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Kambon, K. (2019). The African Unconscious. Routledge

Karp, J. (2024). Slavery, abolition, emancipation, and freedom. Houghton Library.

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Karp, J. (2011). Jim Crow and the American Education System. Cambridge University Press.

Kartsonaki, A. (2024). The strategic use of legitimizing norms in unilateral declarations of

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Keay, K. (2022). White Lies Matter: The Evolution, Persistence, and Impact of Scientific Racism.

          Western Washington University Honors Projects.

Kendi, I. X. (2020). Deconstructing Black-White Binary Thinking. One World Publications.

Kendi, I. X. (2016). Stamped from the Beginning: The Definitive History of Racist Ideas in

          America. One World.

King, J. L. (2017). Education research in the Black liberation tradition: Return what you learned

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Koppelman, K. L. (2020). Understanding human differences:Multicultural education for a   

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Ladson-Billings, G., & Tate, W. F. (1995). Toward a critical race theory of education. Teachers

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Ladson-Billings, G. (2021). Culturally relevant pedagogy: Celebrating 25 years of transforming

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Ladson-Billings, G. (1995). Toward a theory of culturally relevant pedagogy. American

          Educational Research Journal, 32(3), 465-491.

Ladson-Billings, G. (2021). The Dreamkeepers: Successful teachers of Black

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Ladson-Billings, G. (2021). Three decades of culturally relevant, responsive, and sustaining

          pedagogy: What lies ahead? The Educational Forum, 85(4), 351

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Lamsal, H. L. (2024). Critical pedagogy in addressing social inequality and promoting social

          justice in education. Advances, 5(3), 77-83. DOI: 10.11648/j.advances.20240503.12

Lawrence, S., & Hylton, K. (2022). Critical race theory, methodology, and semiotics: The

          analytical utility of a “race” conscious approach for visual qualitative

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Lazaridou, F., & Fernando, S. (2022). Deconstructing institutional racism and the social

          construction of whiteness: A strategy for professional competence training in culture and

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Ledesma, M. C., & Calderón, D. (2015). Critical race theory in education: A review of the past

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Lee, C. N. (2022). Beyond the four frames of colorblind ideology: Theorizing the impact of

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Marks, J. (2017). Human Biodiversity: Genes, Race, and History. Routledge.

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McCarthy, T. (2018). Critical Philosophy of Race: Kant, Hegel, and Du Bois. University of

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Miller, J. C. (2012). The Problem of Slavery as History. Yale University Press.

Mills, C. (1997). Racism and Philosophy. Cornell University Press.

Mills, C. (2017). Deconstructing Racism in White Consciousness. Oxford University Press.

Mills, C. W. (1997). The racial contract. Cornell University Press.

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Nasar, S. (2021). Recognition and Race. Harvard University Press.

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Rodney, W. (1972). How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. Howard University Press.

Roediger, D. (1998). The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American Working

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 Roediger, D. R. (1998). Black on White: Black writers on what it means to be White. Schocken

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The Miseducation of the Negro by Carter G. Woodson

Woodson’s 1933 classic is a searing indictment of the American education system’s failure to empower African Americans. He argues that Black students are not educated but indoctrinated—trained to accept inferiority and to seek validation within systems that exclude them. Through sharp critique and historical analysis, Woodson exposes how Eurocentric curricula erase African heritage and condition Black learners to serve rather than lead. His call for self-education, cultural reclamation, and Afrocentric pedagogy remains urgent today, especially in the context of curriculum reform and racial justice in schools. The book is both a blueprint for liberation and a mirror reflecting the psychological scars of systemic miseducation.

Epistemologies & Afro-futuristic Decolonial African-Centered References

Finalist, 2021 Locus Award

In Literary Afrofuturism in the Twenty-First Century, eminent contributors pay tribute to Afrofuturism as a powerful and evolving aesthetic practice that communicates the experience of science, technology, and race across centuries, continents, and cultures. While Ryan Coogler and Janelle Monae may have helped bring the genre into contemporary pop consciousness, it in fact extends back to the writing of eighteenth-century poet Phyllis Wheatley and has continued in the work of Samuel R. Delany, Octavia E. Butler, N. K. Jemisin, and many others. In examining this heritage, contributors in this volume question generic boundaries, recover lost artists and introduce new ones, and explore how the meteoric rise of a new, pan-African speculative literary tradition may or may not connect with Afrofuturism.

The National Museum of African American History and Culture, with contributions from Kevin Strait and Kinshasha Holman Conwill, among others